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A termite nest can be considered as being composed of two components, the inanimate and the animate. The animate is all of the termites living inside the colony, and the inanimate part is the construction itself, which is constructed by the termites. Nests can be broadly divided into three main classes: subterranean (completely below ground), epigeal (protruding above the soil surface), and arboreal (constructed above ground, but constantly connected to the ground via shelter tubes).184 Epigeal nests (mounds) protrude from the ground with ground contact and are made out of earth and mud.

Most termites construct underground colonies rather than multifunctional nests and mounds.186 Primitive termites of today nest in wooden structures such as logs, stumps and the dead portions of trees, as did termites millions of years ago.184.

To construct their nests, termites primarily utilize faeces, which have many desirable properties as a construction material. Other building materials include partly digested plant material, used in carton nests (arboreal nests built from faecal elements and timber ), and dirt, used in subterranean nest and mound construction. Not all nests are observable, as many nests in tropical woods are situated underground.186 Species in the subfamily Apicotermitinae are great examples of subterranean nest contractors, as they only dwell inside tunnels.

Nests and mounds shield the termites' soft bodies against desiccation, mild, pathogens and parasites, in addition to providing a fortification against predators.188 Nests made from carton are especially weak, and thus the inhabitants utilize counter-attack approaches against invading predators. .

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Arboreal carton nests of mangrove swamp-dwelling Nasutitermes are enriched in lignin and depleted in cellulose and xylans. This change results from bacterial decay in the gut of the termites: they utilize their faeces as a carton building substance. Arboreal termites nests can account for as much as 2% of above ground carbon monoxide in Puerto Rican mangrove swamps.

Some species build intricate nests known as polycalic nests; this habitat is known as polycalism. Polycalic species of termites sort multiple nests, or calies, connected with subterranean chambers.107 The termite genera Apicotermes and Trinervitermes are known to have polycalic species.191 Polycalic nests appear to be less frequent in mound-building species but polycalic arboreal nests have been observed in a few species of Nasutitermes.191.

Nests are considered mounds if they protrude from the earth's why not try here surface. A mound provides termites the exact same protection for a nest but is stronger.189 Mounds found in areas with torrential and continuous rainfall are in danger of mound erosion due to their clay-rich construction. Those made from carton can offer protection against the rain, and in fact can withstand high precipitation.

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For example, Cubitermes colonies construct narrow tunnels utilized as strong points, since the width of the tunnels is little enough for troops to block.192 A highly secure chamber, known as the"queens mobile", houses the queen and king and is employed as a final line of defence. .

Species in the genus Macrotermes arguably build the most complex structures in the insect world, constructing enormous mounds. These mounds are among the biggest in the world, reaching a height of 8 to 9 metres (26 to 29 ft ), and consist of chimneys, pinnacles and ridges.56 Another termite species, Amitermes meridionalis, can build nests 3 to 4 metres (9 to 13 feet) high and 2.5 metres (8 ft ) wide.

The sculptured mounds occasionally have elaborate and distinctive forms, such official source as the ones of the compass termite (Amitermes meridionalis and A. laurensis), which assembles tall, wedge-shaped mounds with the long axis oriented approximately northsouth, which gives them their common name.194195 This orientation has been experimentally shown to help thermoregulation. The north-south orientation causes the internal temperature of a mound to increase quickly during the morning while avoiding overheating from the midday sun.

Termites construct shield tubes, also known as earthen tubes or sand tubes, that begin from the ground. These shelter tubes can be found on walls and other structures.197 Constructed by termites during the night, a period of higher humidity, these tubes offer protection to termites from potential predators, especially ants.198 Shelter tubes also give high humidity and darkness and permit workers to collect food resources that cannot be accessed in any other manner.197 These passageways are made from soil and faeces and are normally brown in color.

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They range from less than 1 cm to several cm in width, but might extend dozens of metres in length.198.

Owing to their wood-eating habits, many termite innovative pest control species can do significant damage to unprotected buildings and other wooden structures.199 Termites play an important role as decomposers of wood and vegetative material, and the conflict with humans happens where structures and landscapes containing structural timber components, cellulose derived structural materials and ornamental vegetation provide termites with a reliable supply of food and moisture.200;Their habit of remaining concealed often results in their presence being undetected until the timbers are severely damaged, leaving a thin layer of a wall that protects them in your environment.201 Of the 3,106 species known, only 183 species cause harm; 83 species cause significant damage to wooden structures.199 In North America, 18 subterranean species are pests202; in Australia, 16 species have an economic impact; in the Indian subcontinent 26 species are considered pests, and in tropical Africa, 24.